United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

Source: UNECE Statistical Database, compiled from national official sources. Definition: Prisons are all publicly and privately financed institutions where persons are deprived of their liberty. These include penal, correctional, and psychiatric facilities. Youth/juvenile detention centres are excluded. Prisoners/prison population are all prisoners including those awaiting trial or sentence, except those in youth/juvenile detention centres. Foreigner is a person without citizenship of the reporting country. National is a person holding national citizenship. General note: Reference period: selected day of the year. .. - data not available Country: Albania 1995-2004: data not not include pre-trial detention centers. From 2007: data include all pre-trial centers. Country: Belgium Data refer to yearly mean. Country: Canada Definition: Total actual-in counts are presented. Counts represent the average daily number of adults under custody supervision and include persons held in custody under sentence, remand or who are otherwise legally required to be there and who are present at the time the count is taken. Reference period: Data refer to fiscal year (April 1 through March 31). The data shown is the sum of the Provincial/Territorial and Federal data. The Provincial/Territorial data represent offenders sentenced to custody terms of less than 2 years. It includes data for all of Canada's 13 provinces and territories, except Prince Edward Island for 2005, Alberta for 2013 and Nunavut from 2000 to 2002. The Federal data represent offenders sentenced to custody terms of 2 years or more and include coverage for all of Canada. Country: Cyprus Data cover only the area controlled by the Republic of Cyprus. Country: Czechia Data till 2008 include not only imprisonment but also e.g. fines, ban on activity, etc. Country: Estonia Since 2013 the figures include pre-trial detainees and sentenced persons in police arrest houses. Country: Finland Data exclude psychiatric facilities and remand prisoners in police custody. Country: Georgia Territorial change (2000 onward): Data do not cover Abkhazia AR and Tskhinvali Region. Country: Greece For years 2002-2004 prisoners in Youth/Juvenile destention centers are includes in estimations. Country: Ireland Change in definition (2001 - 2003): Data for prisoners on sentence and remand. Country: Ireland Change in definition (2004 - 2010): Data for prisoners in custody under sentence only. Country: Latvia Data exclude persons awaiting trial or sentence. Country: Moldova, Republic of Additional information (2001 - 2013): Data exclude persons who are in detention pending for the final verdict Country: Moldova, Republic of Data exclude the territory of the Transnistria and municipality of Bender Country: Netherlands Data exclude psychiatric facilities. Country: Poland Data exclude psychiatric facilities. Country: Romania Data include persons in penitentiaries, detention centers and educational centers. Country: Serbia Data exclude territory of Kosovo and Metohija. Country: Sweden Change in definition (1995 onwards): Data exclude persons awaiting trial or sentence, and exclude persons in psychiatric facilities. Country: Switzerland Change in definition (2000 - onwards): Data refer to publicly financed institution only. Some of the considered institutions contain juvenile detention departments, but they are designated as adult facilities and not as juveniles detention centers. Data exclude persons awaiting expulsion. Country: Turkey Change in definition (1980 - onwards): Juvenile prison and reformatories were included. 9 persons whose nationality is unknown is included in total in 2012. Country: Ukraine From 2014 data cover the territories under the government control. Country: United Kingdom Change in definition (1980 - onwards): Detailed data may not add up to total because the breakdown variable is not always recorded. Country: United Kingdom Territorial change (1980 - onwards): Data do not cover Northern Ireland. Country: United States Data refer to prisoners in custody of state or federal prisons. Data do not include community correction centers and local jail inmates.

UNECE Clearing House on Migration Statistics is a platform for data exchange on migration statistics for countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) established with the purpose of improving the understanding migration processes and the systems of measuring migration in the region. The data are presented as submitted by national statistical offices. For more information about the methodology of producing statistics on international migration in EECCA region, please refer to the UNECE Handbook on the Use of Administrative Sources and Sample Surveys to Measure International Migration in CIS Countries and the documentation of UNECE Workshops on Migration Statistics. Country: Armenia Data source: 2001, 2011 - population and housing census; 2015 and onwards - administrative source. Country: Azerbaijan Data source: population and housing census. Country: Belarus The sum of the age groups does not correspond to the ''Total'' since age was unknown for a number of persons. Data source: population and housing census. Country: Georgia Data source: 2002 - population and housing census; 2011 and onwards - administrative source. Country: Kyrgyzstan Data source: population and housing census. Country: Moldova, Republic of ''Other'' includes a number of migrants for which the country is unknown. Data source: population register. Country: Russian Federation In 2010, the sum of the age groups does not correspond to the ''Total'' since the age was unknown for a number of persons. Data source: 2010 - population and housing census. Country: Ukraine In 2001, the sum of the age groups does not correspond to the ''Total'' since age was unknown for a number of persons. The population count does not include the territory of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol. The General Assembly has addressed the status of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol in resolution 68/262 of 27 March 2014. Data source: 2001 - population and housing census; 2011 and onwards - the annual estimate of the number of permanent residents as of January 1 carried out by the State Statistics Committee.

UNECE Clearing House on Migration Statistics is a platform for data exchange on migration statistics for countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) established with the purpose of improving the understanding migration processes and the systems of measuring migration in the region. The data are presented as submitted by national statistical offices. For more information about the methodology of producing statistics on international migration in EECCA region, please refer to the UNECE Handbook on the Use of Administrative Sources and Sample Surveys to Measure International Migration in CIS Countries and the documentation of UNECE Workshops on Migration Statistics. Country: Armenia Data source: 2001, 2011 - population and housing census; 2015 and onwards - administrative source. Country: Azerbaijan Data source: population and housing census. Country: Belarus The sum of the age groups does not correspond to the ''Total'' since age was unknown for a number of persons. Data source: population and housing census. Country: Georgia Data source: 2002 - population and housing census; 2011 and onwards - administrative source. Country: Kyrgyzstan Data source: population and housing census. Country: Moldova, Republic of ''Other'' includes a number of migrants for which the country is unknown. Data source: population register. Country: Russian Federation In 2010, the sum of the age groups does not correspond to the ''Total'' since the age was unknown for a number of persons. Data source: 2010 - population and housing census. Country: Tajikistan Data source: 2000, 2010 - population and housing census; 2011-2014 - source unspecified. Country: Ukraine In 2001, the sum of the age groups does not correspond to the ''Total'' since age was unknown for a number of persons. The population count does not include the territory of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol. The General Assembly has addressed the status of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol in resolution 68/262 of 27 March 2014. Data source: 2001 - population and housing census; 2011 and onwards - the annual estimate of the number of permanent residents as of January 1 carried out by the State Statistics Committee.

The total for ''All countries'' includes persons for whom the country of previous residence is unknown.UNECE Clearing House on Migration Statistics is a platform for data exchange on migration statistics for countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) established with the purpose of improving the understanding migration processes and the systems of measuring migration in the region. The data are presented as submitted by national statistical offices. For more information about the methodology of producing statistics on international migration in EECCA region, please refer to the UNECE Handbook on the Use of Administrative Sources and Sample Surveys to Measure International Migration in CIS Countries and the documentation of UNECE Workshops on Migration Statistics. Definition: Unless noted otherwise, an international migrant is defined as any person who changes his or her country of usual residence. A long-term migrant is a person who moves to a country other than that of his or her usual residence for a period of at least a year. A short-term migrant is a person who moves to a country other than that of his or her usual residence for a period of at least 3 months but less than a year. Country: Armenia In 2001 and 2011 the registered data refer to the date of conducting the Population Census and the number exceeds the total foreign population living in Armenia. Data from 2014 onwards are based on administrative sources. Data source: 2001, 2011 - population and housing census; 2014 and onwards - population register. Country: Azerbaijan Data source: residence permits. Country: Belarus Data source: residence permits. Country: Georgia From 2013, long-term migration refers to those who have left or moved to Georgia for at least 6 months. Data source: 2002 - population and housing census; 2012 and onwards - administrative source. Country: Kazakhstan Data source: 2009 - population and housing census; 2010 and onwards - residence permits. Country: Kyrgyzstan Data source: administrative source. Country: Russian Federation 2011 break in series: the Russian Federation introduced a new methodology for estimating immigration. From 2011 onwards, the source of data on international migration (long-term immigration) is registration at the place of residence and at the place of stay for a period of 9 months or more in the bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. In 2011 and 2012, the full break down by age and sex is not available for some countries of previous residence. The total flow from each country of previous residence is available. Data source: administrative source. Country: Tajikistan The sum of the age groups does not correspond to the ''Total'' since age was unknown for a number of persons. Data source: administrative source. Country: Ukraine 2001 data include all those who have ever moved. Data source: 2001 - population and housing census; 2011, 2012 - residence permits. Country: Uzbekistan Data from 2011 to 2014 include internal migrants within Uzbekistan. Data source: administrative source.

UNECE Clearing House on Migration Statistics is a platform for data exchange on migration statistics for countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) established with the purpose of improving the understanding migration processes and the systems of measuring migration in the region. The data are presented as submitted by national statistical offices. For more information about the methodology of producing statistics on international migration in EECCA region, please refer to the UNECE Handbook on the Use of Administrative Sources and Sample Surveys to Measure International Migration in CIS Countries and the documentation of UNECE Workshops on Migration Statistics. The total for ''All countries'' includes persons for whom the country of next residence is unknown. Definition: Unless noted otherwise, an international migrant is defined as any person who changes his or her country of usual residence. A long-term migrant is a person who moves to a country other than that of his or her usual residence for a period of at least a year. A short-term migrant is a person who moves to a country other than that of his or her usual residence for a period of at least 3 months but less than a year. Country: Armenia Data source: 2001, 2011 - population and housing census; 2014 and onwards - population register. Country: Azerbaijan Data source: exit permits. Country: Belarus Data source: residence permits. Country: Georgia From 2013, long-term migration refers to those who have left or moved to Georgia for at least 6 months. Data source: 2002 - population and housing census; 2012 and onwards - administrative source. Country: Kazakhstan Data source: exit permits. Country: Kyrgyzstan For a number of persons the information on the country of next residence is missing in the source. Data source: administrative source. Country: Moldova, Republic of Data source: population register. Country: Russian Federation 2012 break in series: the Russian Federation introduced a new methodology for estimating emigration. From 2012 onwards, the source of data on international migration (long-term emigration) is registration at the place of residence and at the place of stay for a period of 9 months or more. In 2011 and 2012, the full break down by age and sex is not available for some countries of next residence. The total flow from each country of next residence is available. Data source: administrative source. Country: Tajikistan The sum of the age groups does not correspond to the ''Total'' since age was unknown for a number of persons. Data source: administrative source. Country: Ukraine Data source: administrative source. Country: Uzbekistan Data from 2011 to 2014 include internal migrants within Uzbekistan. Data source: administrative source.

UNECE Clearing House on Migration Statistics is a platform for data exchange on migration statistics for countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) established with the purpose of improving the understanding migration processes and the systems of measuring migration in the region. The data are presented as submitted by national statistical offices. For more information about the methodology of producing statistics on international migration in EECCA region, please refer to the UNECE Handbook on the Use of Administrative Sources and Sample Surveys to Measure International Migration in CIS Countries and the documentation of UNECE Workshops on Migration Statistics. Definition: Unless noted otherwise, an international migrant is defined as any person who changes his or her country of usual residence. A long-term migrant is a person who moves to a country other than that of his or her usual residence for a period of at least a year. A short-term migrant is a person who moves to a country other than that of his or her usual residence for a period of at least 3 months but less than a year. Country: Armenia Data source: 2001, 2011 - population and housing census; 2015 and onwards - population register. Country: Azerbaijan Data indicate the number of persons who obtained a permanent residence permit in Azerbaijan. Azer citizens returning from abroad are not included in the total number. Data source: residence permits. Country: Belarus Data source: residence permits. Country: Georgia From 2013, long-term migration refers to those who have left or moved to Georgia for at least 6 months. Data source: 2002 - population and housing census; 2012 and onwards - border cards. Country: Kyrgyzstan Data source: administrative source. Country: Russian Federation 2011 break in series: the Russian Federation introduced a new methodology for estimating immigration. From 2011 onwards, the source of data on international migration (long-term immigration) is registration at the place of residence and at the place of stay for a period of 9 months or more in the bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Data source: administrative source. Country: Ukraine Data source: 2001 - population and housing census; 2011, 2012 - residence permits.

UNECE Clearing House on Migration Statistics is a platform for data exchange on migration statistics for countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) established with the purpose of improving the understanding migration processes and the systems of measuring migration in the region. The data are presented as submitted by national statistical offices. For more information about the methodology of producing statistics on international migration in EECCA region, please refer to the UNECE Handbook on the Use of Administrative Sources and Sample Surveys to Measure International Migration in CIS Countries and the documentation of UNECE Workshops on Migration Statistics. Definition: Unless noted otherwise, an international migrant is defined as any person who changes his or her country of usual residence. A long-term migrant is a person who moves to a country other than that of his or her usual residence for a period of at least a year. A short-term migrant is a person who moves to a country other than that of his or her usual residence for a period of at least 3 months but less than a year. Country: Armenia Data source: 2011 - population and housing census; 2015 and onwards - population register. Country: Azerbaijan Data indicate the number of persons who obtained an exit permit in Azerbaijan. Azer citizens are not included in the total number. Data source: exit permits. Country: Belarus Data source: residence permits. Country: Georgia From 2013, long-term migration refers to those who have left or moved to Georgia for at least 6 months. Data source: 2002 - population and housing census; 2012 and onwards - border cards. Country: Kyrgyzstan Data source: administrative source. Country: Moldova, Republic of Data source: population register. Country: Russian Federation 2012 break in series: the Russian Federation introduced a new methodology for estimating emigration. From 2012 onwards, the source of data on international migration (long-term emigration) is registration at the place of residence and at the place of stay for a period of 9 months or more. Data source: administrative source. Country: Ukraine Data source: administrative source.

UNECE Clearing House on Migration Statistics is a platform for data exchange on migration statistics for countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) established with the purpose of improving the understanding migration processes and the systems of measuring migration in the region. The data are presented as submitted by national statistical offices. For more information about the methodology of producing statistics on international migration in EECCA region, please refer to the UNECE Handbook on the Use of Administrative Sources and Sample Surveys to Measure International Migration in CIS Countries and the documentation of UNECE Workshops on Migration Statistics. Country: Azerbaijan Data source: residence permits. Country: Belarus Data source: administrative source. Country: Georgia Data source: civil register. Country: Kyrgyzstan Data source: administrative source. Country: Moldova, Republic of Data source: population register. Country: Russian Federation Data source: administrative source. Country: Ukraine Data source: administrative source.

The UNECE Clearing House on Migration Statistics is a platform for data exchange on migration statistics for countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA), established with the purpose of improving the understanding of migration processes and the systems of measuring migration in the region. The data are presented as submitted by national statistical offices. For more information about the methodology of producing statistics on international migration in EECCA region, please refer to the UNECE Handbook on the Use of Administrative Sources and Sample Surveys to Measure International Migration in CIS Countries and the documentation of UNECE Workshops on Migration Statistics. Country: Azerbaijan Data source: residence permits. Country: Belarus Data source: residence permits. Country: Moldova, Republic of Data source: population register. Country: Tajikistan Disaggregation by sex is only available for people who immigrated for work purposes. Data source: work permits.