World Data Atlas Topics Economic Activity

R&D Expenditure in the World

2.71 % in 2021

R&D expenditure of World increased from 2.03 % in 2002 to 2.71 % in 2021 growing at an average annual rate of 1.58%.

The description is composed by our digital data assistant.
Research and development of the World
Patent Applications 1,015,900 Number in 2021 WB
R&D personnel 1,525.15 per million people in 2018 WB
Scientific and Technical Journal Articles 2,933,010.7 Number in 2020 WB
Trademark Applications 1,021,284 Number in 2019 WB
Macro Region
Africa 35 timeseries
Asia 15 timeseries
Central America and the Caribbean 12 timeseries
Europe 40 timeseries
Middle East 14 timeseries
North America 3.32 % in 2021 WB
Oceania 3 timeseries
South America 10 timeseries
Southeast Asia 12 timeseries
Country (%)
Israel 5.56 in 2021 WB
Republic of Korea 4.93 in 2021 WB
United States of America 3.46 in 2021 WB
Belgium 3.43 in 2021 WB
Sweden 3.42 in 2021 WB
Switzerland 3.36 in 2021 WB
Japan 3.3 in 2021 WB
Austria 3.26 in 2021 WB
Germany 3.14 in 2021 WB
Finland 2.99 in 2021 WB
United Kingdom 2.91 in 2021 WB
Denmark 2.81 in 2021 WB
Iceland 2.81 in 2021 WB
China 2.43 in 2021 WB
Netherlands 2.31 in 2021 WB
France 2.22 in 2021 WB
Singapore 2.16 in 2020 WB
Slovenia 2.13 in 2021 WB
Czech Republic 2 in 2021 WB
Norway 1.94 in 2021 WB
Australia 1.83 in 2019 WB
Estonia 1.75 in 2021 WB
Canada 1.7 in 2021 WB
Portugal 1.68 in 2021 WB
Hungary 1.64 in 2021 WB
United Arab Emirates 1.5 in 2021 WB
Greece 1.46 in 2021 WB
New Zealand 1.45 in 2021 WB
Italy 1.45 in 2021 WB
Poland 1.44 in 2021 WB
Spain 1.43 in 2021 WB
Turkey 1.4 in 2021 WB
Thailand 1.33 in 2020 WB
Croatia 1.24 in 2021 WB
Brazil 1.15 in 2020 WB
Ireland 1.13 in 2021 WB
Lithuania 1.11 in 2021 WB
Russian Federation 1.09 in 2020 WB
Luxembourg 1.04 in 2021 WB
Serbia 0.99 in 2021 WB
Hong Kong 0.97 in 2021 WB
Malaysia 0.95 in 2020 WB
Slovakia 0.92 in 2021 WB
Egypt 0.91 in 2021 WB
Cyprus 0.83 in 2021 WB
Iran 0.79 in 2019 WB
Bulgaria 0.77 in 2021 WB
Rwanda 0.76 in 2019 WB
Tunisia 0.75 in 2019 WB
Latvia 0.74 in 2021 WB
Jordan 0.7 in 2016 WB
Kenya 0.69 in 2010 WB
Qatar 0.68 in 2021 WB
Malta 0.67 in 2021 WB
Morocco 0.66 in 2010 WB
India 0.65 in 2020 WB
South Africa 0.6 in 2020 WB
Gabon 0.58 in 2009 WB
Senegal 0.58 in 2015 WB
Botswana 0.56 in 2013 WB
Algeria 0.53 in 2017 WB
Cuba 0.52 in 2020 WB
Argentina 0.52 in 2021 WB
United Republic of Tanzania 0.51 in 2013 WB
Romania 0.47 in 2021 WB
Belarus 0.46 in 2021 WB
Palestine 0.45 in 2013 WB
Uruguay 0.45 in 2020 WB
Saudi Arabia 0.45 in 2021 WB
Ecuador 0.44 in 2014 WB
Puerto Rico 0.43 in 2015 WB
Viet Nam 0.43 in 2021 WB
Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.41 in 2015 WB
Macau 0.38 in 2021 WB
North Macedonia 0.38 in 2021 WB
Ghana 0.38 in 2010 WB
Mauritius 0.37 in 2021 WB
Montenegro 0.36 in 2019 WB
Namibia 0.35 in 2014 WB
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 0.34 in 2014 WB
Chile 0.33 in 2020 WB
Philippines 0.32 in 2018 WB
Mozambique 0.31 in 2015 WB
Nepal 0.3 in 2010 WB
Chad 0.3 in 2016 WB
Mexico 0.3 in 2020 WB
Ukraine 0.29 in 2021 WB
Oman 0.29 in 2021 WB
Colombia 0.29 in 2020 WB
Indonesia 0.28 in 2020 WB
Zambia 0.28 in 2008 WB
Brunei Darussalam 0.28 in 2018 WB
Costa Rica 0.28 in 2021 WB
Ethiopia 0.27 in 2017 WB
Saint Lucia 0.27 in 1999 WB
Eswatini 0.27 in 2015 WB
Georgia 0.25 in 2021 WB
Burkina Faso 0.25 in 2021 WB
Republic of Moldova 0.23 in 2021 WB
Sudan 0.22 in 2005 WB
Seychelles 0.22 in 2016 WB
Burundi 0.21 in 2018 WB
Azerbaijan 0.21 in 2021 WB
Armenia 0.21 in 2021 WB
Togo 0.2 in 2014 WB
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.19 in 2021 WB
Kuwait 0.19 in 2020 WB
Mali 0.17 in 2021 WB
Peru 0.17 in 2020 WB
Pakistan 0.16 in 2021 WB
El Salvador 0.16 in 2020 WB
Bolivia 0.16 in 2009 WB
Paraguay 0.16 in 2020 WB
Panama 0.16 in 2021 WB
Albania 0.15 in 2008 WB
Myanmar 0.15 in 2021 WB
Uganda 0.14 in 2014 WB
Mongolia 0.13 in 2020 WB
Nigeria 0.13 in 2007 WB
Uzbekistan 0.13 in 2021 WB
Kazakhstan 0.13 in 2021 WB
Cambodia 0.12 in 2015 WB
Sri Lanka 0.12 in 2020 WB
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.11 in 2002 WB
Nicaragua 0.11 in 2015 WB
Bahrain 0.1 in 2014 WB
Tajikistan 0.09 in 2020 WB
Kyrgyzstan 0.08 in 2021 WB
Côte d'Ivoire 0.07 in 2016 WB
Gambia 0.07 in 2018 WB
Cabo Verde 0.07 in 2011 WB
Trinidad and Tobago 0.06 in 2020 WB
Jamaica 0.06 in 2002 WB
Honduras 0.06 in 2019 WB
Guatemala 0.06 in 2021 WB
Lesotho 0.05 in 2015 WB
Iraq 0.04 in 2021 WB
Monaco 0.04 in 2005 WB
Lao People’s Democratic Republic 0.04 in 2002 WB
Angola 0.03 in 2016 WB
Papua New Guinea 0.03 in 2016 WB
Syrian Arab Republic 0.02 in 2015 WB
Madagascar 0.01 in 2017 WB
Mauritania 0.01 in 2018 WB
Research and Development